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core.py61.2 KB · 1796 lines
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function, unicode_literals import reimport osimport warningsimport weakref from . import gpgmefrom .errors import errorcheck, GPGMEErrorfrom . import constantsfrom . import errorsfrom . import util del absolute_import, print_function, unicode_literals # Copyright (C) 2016-2018 g10 Code GmbH# Copyright (C) 2004, 2008 Igor Belyi <belyi@users.sourceforge.net># Copyright (C) 2002 John Goerzen <jgoerzen@complete.org>##    This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or#    modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public#    License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either#    version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.##    This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,#    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of#    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU#    Lesser General Public License for more details.##    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public#    License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software#    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307  USA"""Core functionality Core functionality of GPGME wrapped in a object-oriented fashion.Provides the 'Context' class for performing cryptographic operations,and the 'Data' class describing buffers of data. """  class GpgmeWrapper(object):    """Base wrapper class     Not to be instantiated directly.     """     def __init__(self, wrapped):        self._callback_excinfo = None        self.wrapped = wrapped     def __repr__(self):        return '<{}/{!r}>'.format(            super(GpgmeWrapper, self).__repr__(), self.wrapped)     def __str__(self):        acc = ['{}.{}'.format(__name__, self.__class__.__name__)]        flags = [f for f in self._boolean_properties if getattr(self, f)]        if flags:            acc.append('({})'.format(' '.join(flags)))         return '<{}>'.format(' '.join(acc))     def __hash__(self):        return hash(repr(self.wrapped))     def __eq__(self, other):        if other is None:            return False        else:            return repr(self.wrapped) == repr(other.wrapped)     @property    def _ctype(self):        """The name of the c type wrapped by this class         Must be set by child classes.         """        raise NotImplementedError()     @property    def _cprefix(self):        """The common prefix of c functions wrapped by this class         Must be set by child classes.         """        raise NotImplementedError()     def _errorcheck(self, name):        """Must be implemented by child classes.         This function must return a trueish value for all c functions        returning gpgme_error_t."""        raise NotImplementedError()     """The set of all boolean properties"""    _boolean_properties = set()     def __wrap_boolean_property(self, key, do_set=False, value=None):        get_func = getattr(gpgme, "{}get_{}".format(self._cprefix, key))        set_func = getattr(gpgme, "{}set_{}".format(self._cprefix, key))         def get(slf):            if not slf.wrapped:                return False            return bool(get_func(slf.wrapped))         def set_(slf, value):            if not slf.wrapped:                return            set_func(slf.wrapped, bool(value))         p = property(get, set_, doc="{} flag".format(key))        setattr(self.__class__, key, p)         if do_set:            set_(self, bool(value))        else:            return get(self)     _munge_docstring = re.compile(r'gpgme_([^(]*)\(([^,]*), (.*\) -> .*)')     def __getattr__(self, key):        """On-the-fly generation of wrapper methods and properties"""        if key[0] == '_' or self._cprefix is None:            return None         if key in self._boolean_properties:            return self.__wrap_boolean_property(key)         name = self._cprefix + key        func = getattr(gpgme, name)         if self._errorcheck(name):             def _funcwrap(slf, *args):                if not slf.wrapped:                    return None                result = func(slf.wrapped, *args)                if slf._callback_excinfo:                    gpgme.gpg_raise_callback_exception(slf)                return errorcheck(result, name)        else:             def _funcwrap(slf, *args):                if not slf.wrapped:                    return None                result = func(slf.wrapped, *args)                if slf._callback_excinfo:                    gpgme.gpg_raise_callback_exception(slf)                return result         doc_orig = getattr(func, "__doc__")        if doc_orig:            doc = self._munge_docstring.sub(r'\2.\1(\3', doc_orig)        else:            doc = None         _funcwrap.__doc__ = doc         # Monkey-patch the class.        setattr(self.__class__, key, _funcwrap)         # Bind the method to 'self'.        def wrapper(*args):            return _funcwrap(self, *args)         wrapper.__doc__ = doc         return wrapper     def __setattr__(self, key, value):        """On-the-fly generation of properties"""        if key in self._boolean_properties:            self.__wrap_boolean_property(key, True, value)        else:            super(GpgmeWrapper, self).__setattr__(key, value)  class Context(GpgmeWrapper):    """Context for cryptographic operations     All cryptographic operations in GPGME are performed within a    context, which contains the internal state of the operation as    well as configuration parameters.  By using several contexts you    can run several cryptographic operations in parallel, with    different configuration.     Access to a context must be synchronized.     """     def __init__(self,                 armor=False,                 textmode=False,                 offline=False,                 signers=[],                 pinentry_mode=constants.PINENTRY_MODE_DEFAULT,                 protocol=constants.PROTOCOL_OpenPGP,                 wrapped=None,                 home_dir=None):        """Construct a context object         Keyword arguments:        armor		-- enable ASCII armoring (default False)        textmode	-- enable canonical text mode (default False)        offline		-- do not contact external key sources (default False)        signers		-- list of keys used for signing (default [])        pinentry_mode	-- pinentry mode (default PINENTRY_MODE_DEFAULT)        protocol	-- protocol to use (default PROTOCOL_OpenPGP)        home_dir        -- state directory (default is the engine default)         """        if wrapped:            self.own = False        else:            tmp = gpgme.new_gpgme_ctx_t_p()            errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_new(tmp))            wrapped = gpgme.gpgme_ctx_t_p_value(tmp)            gpgme.delete_gpgme_ctx_t_p(tmp)            self.own = True        super(Context, self).__init__(wrapped)        self.armor = armor        self.textmode = textmode        self.offline = offline        self.signers = signers        self.pinentry_mode = pinentry_mode        self.protocol = protocol        self.home_dir = home_dir     def __read__(self, sink, data):        """Read helper         Helper function to retrieve the results of an operation, or        None if SINK is given.        """        if sink or data is None:            return None        data.seek(0, os.SEEK_SET)        return data.read()     def __repr__(self):        return ("Context(armor={0.armor}, "                "textmode={0.textmode}, offline={0.offline}, "                "signers={0.signers}, pinentry_mode={0.pinentry_mode}, "                "protocol={0.protocol}, home_dir={0.home_dir}"                ")").format(self)     def encrypt(self,                plaintext,                recipients=[],                sign=True,                sink=None,                passphrase=None,                always_trust=False,                add_encrypt_to=False,                prepare=False,                expect_sign=False,                compress=True):        """Encrypt data         Encrypt the given plaintext for the given recipients.  If the        list of recipients is empty, the data is encrypted        symmetrically with a passphrase.         The passphrase can be given as parameter, using a callback        registered at the context, or out-of-band via pinentry.         Keyword arguments:        recipients	-- list of keys to encrypt to        sign		-- sign plaintext (default True)        sink		-- write result to sink instead of returning it        passphrase	-- for symmetric encryption        always_trust	-- always trust the keys (default False)        add_encrypt_to	-- encrypt to configured additional keys (default False)        prepare		-- (ui) prepare for encryption (default False)        expect_sign	-- (ui) prepare for signing (default False)        compress	-- compress plaintext (default True)         Returns:        ciphertext	-- the encrypted data (or None if sink is given)        result		-- additional information about the encryption        sign_result	-- additional information about the signature(s)         Raises:        InvalidRecipients -- if encryption using a particular key failed        InvalidSigners	-- if signing using a particular key failed        GPGMEError	-- as signaled by the underlying library         """        ciphertext = sink if sink else Data()        flags = 0        flags |= always_trust * constants.ENCRYPT_ALWAYS_TRUST        flags |= (not add_encrypt_to) * constants.ENCRYPT_NO_ENCRYPT_TO        flags |= prepare * constants.ENCRYPT_PREPARE        flags |= expect_sign * constants.ENCRYPT_EXPECT_SIGN        flags |= (not compress) * constants.ENCRYPT_NO_COMPRESS         if passphrase is not None:            old_pinentry_mode = self.pinentry_mode            old_passphrase_cb = getattr(self, '_passphrase_cb', None)            self.pinentry_mode = constants.PINENTRY_MODE_LOOPBACK             def passphrase_cb(hint, desc, prev_bad, hook=None):                return passphrase             self.set_passphrase_cb(passphrase_cb)         try:            if sign:                self.op_encrypt_sign(recipients, flags, plaintext, ciphertext)            else:                self.op_encrypt(recipients, flags, plaintext, ciphertext)        except errors.GPGMEError as e:            result = self.op_encrypt_result()            sig_result = self.op_sign_result() if sign else None            results = (self.__read__(sink, ciphertext), result, sig_result)            if e.getcode() == errors.UNUSABLE_PUBKEY:                if result.invalid_recipients:                    raise errors.InvalidRecipients(                        result.invalid_recipients,                        error=e.error,                        results=results)            if e.getcode() == errors.UNUSABLE_SECKEY:                sig_result = self.op_sign_result()                if sig_result.invalid_signers:                    raise errors.InvalidSigners(                        sig_result.invalid_signers,                        error=e.error,                        results=results)            # Otherwise, just raise the error, but attach the results            # first.            e.results = results            raise e        finally:            if passphrase is not None:                self.pinentry_mode = old_pinentry_mode                gpgme.gpg_set_passphrase_cb(self, old_passphrase_cb)         result = self.op_encrypt_result()        assert not result.invalid_recipients        sig_result = self.op_sign_result() if sign else None        assert not sig_result or not sig_result.invalid_signers         return self.__read__(sink, ciphertext), result, sig_result     def decrypt(self, ciphertext, sink=None, passphrase=None, verify=True, filter_signatures=True):        """Decrypt data         Decrypt the given ciphertext and verify any signatures.  If        VERIFY is an iterable of keys, the ciphertext must be signed        by all those keys, otherwise a MissingSignatures error is        raised.  Note: if VERIFY is an empty iterable, that is treated        the same as passing verify=True (that is, verify signatures        and return data about any valid signatures found, but no        signatures are required and no MissingSignatures error will be        raised).         The filter_signatures argument can be used to force this        function to return signatures that are not fully trusted - for        example because they were made by unknown keys.         If the ciphertext is symmetrically encrypted using a        passphrase, that passphrase can be given as parameter, using a        callback registered at the context, or out-of-band via        pinentry.         Keyword arguments:        sink            -- write result to sink instead of returning it        passphrase      -- for symmetric decryption        verify          -- check signatures (boolean or iterable of keys,                           see above) (default True)        filter_signatures  -- if this function should filter out signatures                           that are not completely OK (default True)         Returns:        plaintext       -- the decrypted data (or None if sink is given)        result          -- additional information about the decryption        verify_result   -- additional information about the valid                           signature(s) found         Raises:        UnsupportedAlgorithm -- if an unsupported algorithm was used        MissingSignatures    -- if expected signatures are missing or bad        GPGMEError           -- as signaled by the underlying library         """        do_sig_verification = False        required_keys = None        plaintext = sink if sink else Data()         if passphrase is not None:            old_pinentry_mode = self.pinentry_mode            old_passphrase_cb = getattr(self, '_passphrase_cb', None)            self.pinentry_mode = constants.PINENTRY_MODE_LOOPBACK             def passphrase_cb(hint, desc, prev_bad, hook=None):                return passphrase             self.set_passphrase_cb(passphrase_cb)         try:            if isinstance(verify, bool):                do_sig_verification = verify            elif verify is None:                warnings.warn(                    "ctx.decrypt called with verify=None, should be bool or iterable (treating as False).",                    category=DeprecationWarning)                do_sig_verification = False            else:                # we hope this is an iterable:                required_keys = verify                do_sig_verification = True             if do_sig_verification:                self.op_decrypt_verify(ciphertext, plaintext)            else:                self.op_decrypt(ciphertext, plaintext)        except errors.GPGMEError as e:            result = self.op_decrypt_result()            if do_sig_verification:                verify_result = self.op_verify_result()            else:                verify_result = None            # Just raise the error, but attach the results first.            e.results = (self.__read__(sink, plaintext), result, verify_result)            raise e        finally:            if passphrase is not None:                self.pinentry_mode = old_pinentry_mode                gpgme.gpg_set_passphrase_cb(self, old_passphrase_cb)         result = self.op_decrypt_result()         if do_sig_verification:            verify_result = self.op_verify_result()        else:            verify_result = None         results = (self.__read__(sink, plaintext), result, verify_result)         if result.unsupported_algorithm:            raise errors.UnsupportedAlgorithm(result.unsupported_algorithm,                                              results=results)         if do_sig_verification:            if filter_signatures:                verify_result.signatures = list(filter(lambda s: s.status == errors.NO_ERROR, verify_result.signatures))            if required_keys is not None:                missing = []                for key in required_keys:                    ok = False                    for subkey in key.subkeys:                        for sig in verify_result.signatures:                            if sig.summary & constants.SIGSUM_VALID == 0:                                continue                            if subkey.can_sign and subkey.fpr == sig.fpr:                                ok = True                            break                        if ok:                            break                    if not ok:                        missing.append(key)                if missing:                    raise errors.MissingSignatures(verify_result, missing,                                                   results=results)         return results     def sign(self, data, sink=None, mode=constants.SIG_MODE_NORMAL):        """Sign data         Sign the given data with either the configured default local        key, or the 'signers' keys of this context.         Keyword arguments:        mode		-- signature mode (default: normal, see below)        sink		-- write result to sink instead of returning it         Returns:        either          signed_data	-- encoded data and signature (normal mode)          signature	-- only the signature data (detached mode)          cleartext	-- data and signature as text (cleartext mode)            (or None if sink is given)        result		-- additional information about the signature(s)         Raises:        InvalidSigners	-- if signing using a particular key failed        GPGMEError	-- as signaled by the underlying library         """        signeddata = sink if sink else Data()         try:            self.op_sign(data, signeddata, mode)        except errors.GPGMEError as e:            results = (self.__read__(sink, signeddata), self.op_sign_result())            if e.getcode() == errors.UNUSABLE_SECKEY:                if results[1].invalid_signers:                    raise errors.InvalidSigners(                        results[1].invalid_signers,                        error=e.error,                        results=results)            e.results = results            raise e         result = self.op_sign_result()        assert not result.invalid_signers         return self.__read__(sink, signeddata), result     def verify(self, signed_data, signature=None, sink=None, verify=[]):        """Verify signatures         Verify signatures over data.  If VERIFY is an iterable of        keys, the ciphertext must be signed by all those keys,        otherwise an error is raised.         Keyword arguments:        signature	-- detached signature data        sink		-- write result to sink instead of returning it         Returns:        data		-- the plain data            (or None if sink is given, or we verified a detached signature)        result		-- additional information about the signature(s)         Raises:        BadSignatures	-- if a bad signature is encountered        MissingSignatures -- if expected signatures are missing or bad        GPGMEError	-- as signaled by the underlying library         """        if signature:            # Detached signature, we don't return the plain text.            data = None        else:            data = sink if sink else Data()         try:            if signature:                self.op_verify(signature, signed_data, None)            else:                self.op_verify(signed_data, None, data)        except errors.GPGMEError as e:            # Just raise the error, but attach the results first.            e.results = (self.__read__(sink, data), self.op_verify_result())            raise e         results = (self.__read__(sink, data), self.op_verify_result())        if any(s.status != errors.NO_ERROR for s in results[1].signatures):            raise errors.BadSignatures(results[1], results=results)         missing = list()        for key in verify:            ok = False            for subkey in key.subkeys:                for sig in results[1].signatures:                    if sig.summary & constants.SIGSUM_VALID == 0:                        continue                    if subkey.can_sign and subkey.fpr == sig.fpr:                        ok = True                        break                if ok:                    break            if not ok:                missing.append(key)        if missing:            raise errors.MissingSignatures(                results[1], missing, results=results)         return results     def key_import(self, data):        """Import data         Imports the given data into the Context.         Returns:                -- an object describing the results of imported or updated                   keys         Raises:        TypeError      -- Very rarely.        GPGMEError     -- as signaled by the underlying library:                           Import status errors, when they occur, will usually                          be of NODATA.  NO_PUBKEY indicates something                          managed to run the function without any                          arguments, while an argument of None triggers                          the first NODATA of errors.GPGME in the                          exception.        """        try:            self.op_import(data)            result = self.op_import_result()            if result.considered == 0:                status = constants.STATUS_IMPORT_PROBLEM            else:                status = constants.STATUS_KEY_CONSIDERED        except Exception as e:            if e == errors.GPGMEError:                if e.code_str == "No data":                    status = constants.STATUS_NODATA                else:                    status = constants.STATUS_FILE_ERROR            elif e == TypeError and hasattr(data, "decode") is True:                status = constants.STATUS_NO_PUBKEY            elif e == TypeError and hasattr(data, "encode") is True:                status = constants.STATUS_FILE_ERROR            else:                status = constants.STATUS_ERROR         if status == constants.STATUS_KEY_CONSIDERED:            import_result = result        else:            import_result = status         return import_result     def key_export(self, pattern=None):        """Export keys.         Exports public keys matching the pattern specified.  If no        pattern is specified then exports all available keys.         Keyword arguments:        pattern	-- return keys matching pattern (default: all keys)         Returns:                -- A key block containing one or more OpenPGP keys in                   either ASCII armoured or binary format as determined                   by the Context().  If there are no matching keys it                   returns None.         Raises:        GPGMEError     -- as signaled by the underlying library.        """        data = Data()        mode = 0        try:            self.op_export(pattern, mode, data)            data.seek(0, os.SEEK_SET)            pk_result = data.read()        except GPGMEError as e:            raise e         if len(pk_result) > 0:            result = pk_result        else:            result = None         return result     def key_export_minimal(self, pattern=None):        """Export keys.         Exports public keys matching the pattern specified in a        minimised format.  If no pattern is specified then exports all        available keys.         Keyword arguments:        pattern	-- return keys matching pattern (default: all keys)         Returns:                -- A key block containing one or more minimised OpenPGP                   keys in either ASCII armoured or binary format as                   determined by the Context().  If there are no matching                   keys it returns None.         Raises:        GPGMEError     -- as signaled by the underlying library.        """        data = Data()        mode = gpgme.GPGME_EXPORT_MODE_MINIMAL        try:            self.op_export(pattern, mode, data)            data.seek(0, os.SEEK_SET)            pk_result = data.read()        except GPGMEError as e:            raise e         if len(pk_result) > 0:            result = pk_result        else:            result = None         return result     def key_export_secret(self, pattern=None):        """Export secret keys.         Exports secret keys matching the pattern specified.  If no        pattern is specified then exports or attempts to export all        available secret keys.         IMPORTANT: Each secret key to be exported will prompt for its        passphrase via an invocation of pinentry and gpg-agent.  If the        passphrase is not entered or does not match then no data will be        exported.  This is the same result as when specifying a pattern        that is not matched by the available keys.         Keyword arguments:        pattern	-- return keys matching pattern (default: all keys)         Returns:                -- On success a key block containing one or more OpenPGP                   secret keys in either ASCII armoured or binary format                   as determined by the Context().                -- On failure while not raising an exception, returns None.         Raises:        GPGMEError     -- as signaled by the underlying library.        """        data = Data()        mode = gpgme.GPGME_EXPORT_MODE_SECRET        try:            self.op_export(pattern, mode, data)            data.seek(0, os.SEEK_SET)            sk_result = data.read()        except GPGMEError as e:            raise e         if len(sk_result) > 0:            result = sk_result        else:            result = None         return result     def keylist(self,                pattern=None,                secret=False,                mode=constants.keylist.mode.LOCAL,                source=None):        """List keys         Keyword arguments:        pattern	-- return keys matching pattern (default: all keys)        secret	-- return only secret keys (default: False)        mode    -- keylist mode (default: list local keys)        source  -- read keys from source instead from the keyring                       (all other options are ignored in this case)         Returns:                -- an iterator returning key objects         Raises:        GPGMEError	-- as signaled by the underlying library        """        if not source:            self.set_keylist_mode(mode)            self.op_keylist_start(pattern, secret)        else:            # Automatic wrapping of SOURCE is not possible here,            # because the object must not be deallocated until the            # iteration over the results ends.            if not isinstance(source, Data):                source = Data(file=source)            self.op_keylist_from_data_start(source, 0)         key = self.op_keylist_next()        while key:            yield key            key = self.op_keylist_next()        self.op_keylist_end()     def create_key(self,                   userid,                   algorithm=None,                   expires_in=0,                   expires=True,                   sign=False,                   encrypt=False,                   certify=False,                   authenticate=False,                   passphrase=None,                   force=False):        """Create a primary key         Create a primary key for the user id USERID.         ALGORITHM may be used to specify the public key encryption        algorithm for the new key.  By default, a reasonable default        is chosen.  You may use "future-default" to select an        algorithm that will be the default in a future implementation        of the engine.  ALGORITHM may be a string like "rsa", or        "rsa2048" to explicitly request an algorithm and a key size.         EXPIRES_IN specifies the expiration time of the key in number        of seconds since the keys creation.  By default, a reasonable        expiration time is chosen.  If you want to create a key that        does not expire, use the keyword argument EXPIRES.         SIGN, ENCRYPT, CERTIFY, and AUTHENTICATE can be used to        request the capabilities of the new key.  If you don't request        any, a reasonable set of capabilities is selected, and in case        of OpenPGP, a subkey with a reasonable set of capabilities is        created.         If PASSPHRASE is None (the default), then the key will not be        protected with a passphrase.  If PASSPHRASE is a string, it        will be used to protect the key.  If PASSPHRASE is True, the        passphrase must be supplied using a passphrase callback or        out-of-band with a pinentry.         Keyword arguments:        algorithm    -- public key algorithm, see above (default: reasonable)        expires_in   -- expiration time in seconds (default: reasonable)        expires      -- whether the key should expire (default: True)        sign         -- request the signing capability (see above)        encrypt      -- request the encryption capability (see above)        certify      -- request the certification capability (see above)        authenticate -- request the authentication capability (see above)        passphrase   -- protect the key with a passphrase (default: no                        passphrase)        force        -- force key creation even if a key with the same userid                        exists (default: False)         Returns:                     -- an object describing the result of the key creation         Raises:        GPGMEError   -- as signaled by the underlying library         """        if util.is_a_string(passphrase):            old_pinentry_mode = self.pinentry_mode            old_passphrase_cb = getattr(self, '_passphrase_cb', None)            self.pinentry_mode = constants.PINENTRY_MODE_LOOPBACK             def passphrase_cb(hint, desc, prev_bad, hook=None):                return passphrase             self.set_passphrase_cb(passphrase_cb)         try:            self.op_createkey(                userid,                algorithm,                0,  # reserved                expires_in,                None,  # extrakey                ((constants.create.SIGN if sign else 0) |                 (constants.create.ENCR if encrypt else 0) |                 (constants.create.CERT if certify else 0) |                 (constants.create.AUTH if authenticate else 0) |                 (constants.create.NOPASSWD if passphrase is None else 0) |                 (0 if expires else constants.create.NOEXPIRE) |                 (constants.create.FORCE if force else 0)))        finally:            if util.is_a_string(passphrase):                self.pinentry_mode = old_pinentry_mode                gpgme.gpg_set_passphrase_cb(self, old_passphrase_cb)         return self.op_genkey_result()     def create_subkey(self,                      key,                      algorithm=None,                      expires_in=0,                      expires=True,                      sign=False,                      encrypt=False,                      authenticate=False,                      passphrase=None):        """Create a subkey         Create a subkey for the given KEY.  As subkeys are a concept        of OpenPGP, calling this is only valid for the OpenPGP        protocol.         ALGORITHM may be used to specify the public key encryption        algorithm for the new subkey.  By default, a reasonable        default is chosen.  You may use "future-default" to select an        algorithm that will be the default in a future implementation        of the engine.  ALGORITHM may be a string like "rsa", or        "rsa2048" to explicitly request an algorithm and a key size.         EXPIRES_IN specifies the expiration time of the subkey in        number of seconds since the subkeys creation.  By default, a        reasonable expiration time is chosen.  If you want to create a        subkey that does not expire, use the keyword argument EXPIRES.         SIGN, ENCRYPT, and AUTHENTICATE can be used to request the        capabilities of the new subkey.  If you don't request any, an        encryption subkey is generated.         If PASSPHRASE is None (the default), then the subkey will not        be protected with a passphrase.  If PASSPHRASE is a string, it        will be used to protect the subkey.  If PASSPHRASE is True,        the passphrase must be supplied using a passphrase callback or        out-of-band with a pinentry.         Keyword arguments:        algorithm    -- public key algorithm, see above (default: reasonable)        expires_in   -- expiration time in seconds (default: reasonable)        expires      -- whether the subkey should expire (default: True)        sign         -- request the signing capability (see above)        encrypt      -- request the encryption capability (see above)        authenticate -- request the authentication capability (see above)        passphrase   -- protect the subkey with a passphrase (default: no                        passphrase)         Returns:                     -- an object describing the result of the subkey creation         Raises:        GPGMEError   -- as signaled by the underlying library         """        if util.is_a_string(passphrase):            old_pinentry_mode = self.pinentry_mode            old_passphrase_cb = getattr(self, '_passphrase_cb', None)            self.pinentry_mode = constants.PINENTRY_MODE_LOOPBACK             def passphrase_cb(hint, desc, prev_bad, hook=None):                return passphrase             self.set_passphrase_cb(passphrase_cb)         try:            self.op_createsubkey(                key,                algorithm,                0,  # reserved                expires_in,                ((constants.create.SIGN if sign else 0) |                 (constants.create.ENCR if encrypt else 0) |                 (constants.create.AUTH if authenticate else 0) |                 (constants.create.NOPASSWD if passphrase is None else 0) |                 (0 if expires else constants.create.NOEXPIRE)))        finally:            if util.is_a_string(passphrase):                self.pinentry_mode = old_pinentry_mode                gpgme.gpg_set_passphrase_cb(self, old_passphrase_cb)         return self.op_genkey_result()     def key_add_uid(self, key, uid):        """Add a UID         Add the uid UID to the given KEY.  Calling this function is        only valid for the OpenPGP protocol.         Raises:        GPGMEError   -- as signaled by the underlying library         """        self.op_adduid(key, uid, 0)     def key_revoke_uid(self, key, uid):        """Revoke a UID         Revoke the uid UID from the given KEY.  Calling this function        is only valid for the OpenPGP protocol.         Raises:        GPGMEError   -- as signaled by the underlying library         """        self.op_revuid(key, uid, 0)     def key_sign(self, key, uids=None, expires_in=False, local=False):        """Sign a key         Sign a key with the current set of signing keys.  Calling this        function is only valid for the OpenPGP protocol.         If UIDS is None (the default), then all UIDs are signed.  If        it is a string, then only the matching UID is signed.  If it        is a list of strings, then all matching UIDs are signed.  Note        that a case-sensitive exact string comparison is done.         EXPIRES_IN specifies the expiration time of the signature in        seconds.  If EXPIRES_IN is False, the signature does not        expire.         Keyword arguments:        uids         -- user ids to sign, see above (default: sign all)        expires_in   -- validity period of the signature in seconds                                               (default: do not expire)        local        -- create a local, non-exportable signature                                               (default: False)         Raises:        GPGMEError   -- as signaled by the underlying library         """        flags = 0        if uids is None or util.is_a_string(uids):            pass  # through unchanged        else:            flags |= constants.keysign.LFSEP            uids = "\n".join(uids)         if not expires_in:            flags |= constants.keysign.NOEXPIRE         if local:            flags |= constants.keysign.LOCAL         self.op_keysign(key, uids, expires_in, flags)     def key_tofu_policy(self, key, policy):        """Set a keys' TOFU policy         Set the TOFU policy associated with KEY to POLICY.  Calling        this function is only valid for the OpenPGP protocol.         Raises:        GPGMEError   -- as signaled by the underlying library         """        self.op_tofu_policy(key, policy)     def assuan_transact(self,                        command,                        data_cb=None,                        inquire_cb=None,                        status_cb=None):        """Issue a raw assuan command         This function can be used to issue a raw assuan command to the        engine.         If command is a string or bytes, it will be used as-is.  If it        is an iterable of strings, it will be properly escaped and        joined into a well-formed assuan command.         Keyword arguments:        data_cb		-- a callback receiving data lines        inquire_cb	-- a callback providing more information        status_cb	-- a callback receiving status lines         Returns:        result		-- the result of command as GPGMEError         Raises:        GPGMEError	-- as signaled by the underlying library         """         if util.is_a_string(command) or isinstance(command, bytes):            cmd = command        else:            cmd = " ".join(util.percent_escape(f) for f in command)         errptr = gpgme.new_gpgme_error_t_p()         err = gpgme.gpgme_op_assuan_transact_ext(            self.wrapped, cmd, (weakref.ref(self), data_cb)            if data_cb else None, (weakref.ref(self), inquire_cb)            if inquire_cb else None, (weakref.ref(self), status_cb)            if status_cb else None, errptr)         if self._callback_excinfo:            gpgme.gpg_raise_callback_exception(self)         errorcheck(err)         status = gpgme.gpgme_error_t_p_value(errptr)        gpgme.delete_gpgme_error_t_p(errptr)         return GPGMEError(status) if status != 0 else None     def interact(self, key, func, sink=None, flags=0, fnc_value=None):        """Interact with the engine         This method can be used to edit keys and cards interactively.        KEY is the key to edit, FUNC is called repeatedly with two        unicode arguments, 'keyword' and 'args'.  See the GPGME manual        for details.         Keyword arguments:        sink		-- if given, additional output is written here        flags		-- use constants.INTERACT_CARD to edit a card         Raises:        GPGMEError	-- as signaled by the underlying library         """        if key is None:            raise ValueError("First argument cannot be None")         if sink is None:            sink = Data()         if fnc_value:            opaquedata = (weakref.ref(self), func, fnc_value)        else:            opaquedata = (weakref.ref(self), func)         result = gpgme.gpgme_op_interact(self.wrapped, key, flags, opaquedata,                                         sink)        if self._callback_excinfo:            gpgme.gpg_raise_callback_exception(self)        errorcheck(result)     @property    def signers(self):        """Keys used for signing"""        if not self.wrapped:            return None        return [self.signers_enum(i) for i in range(self.signers_count())]     @signers.setter    def signers(self, signers):        old = self.signers        self.signers_clear()        try:            for key in signers:                self.signers_add(key)        except:            self.signers = old            raise     @property    def pinentry_mode(self):        """Pinentry mode"""        return self.get_pinentry_mode()     @pinentry_mode.setter    def pinentry_mode(self, value):        self.set_pinentry_mode(value)     @property    def protocol(self):        """Protocol to use"""        return self.get_protocol()     @protocol.setter    def protocol(self, value):        errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_engine_check_version(value))        self.set_protocol(value)     @property    def home_dir(self):        """Engine's home directory"""        if not self.wrapped:            return None        return self.engine_info.home_dir     @home_dir.setter    def home_dir(self, value):        self.set_engine_info(self.protocol, home_dir=value)     _ctype = 'gpgme_ctx_t'    _cprefix = 'gpgme_'     def _errorcheck(self, name):        """This function should list all functions returning gpgme_error_t"""        # The list of functions is created using:        #        # $ grep '^gpgme_error_t ' obj/lang/python/python3.5-gpg/gpgme.h \        # | grep -v _op_ | awk "/\(gpgme_ctx/ { printf (\"'%s',\\n\", \$2) } "        return ((name.startswith('gpgme_op_') and not                 name.endswith('_result')) or name in {                     'gpgme_new', 'gpgme_set_ctx_flag', 'gpgme_set_protocol',                     'gpgme_set_sub_protocol', 'gpgme_set_keylist_mode',                     'gpgme_set_pinentry_mode', 'gpgme_set_locale',                     'gpgme_ctx_set_engine_info', 'gpgme_signers_add',                     'gpgme_sig_notation_add', 'gpgme_set_sender',                     'gpgme_cancel', 'gpgme_cancel_async', 'gpgme_get_key',                     'gpgme_get_sig_key',                })     _boolean_properties = {'armor', 'textmode', 'offline'}     def __del__(self):        if not gpgme:            # At interpreter shutdown, gpgme is set to NONE.            return         self._free_passcb()        self._free_progresscb()        self._free_statuscb()        if self.own and self.wrapped and gpgme.gpgme_release:            gpgme.gpgme_release(self.wrapped)            self.wrapped = None     # Implement the context manager protocol.    def __enter__(self):        return self     def __exit__(self, type, value, tb):        return False     def op_keylist_all(self, *args, **kwargs):        self.op_keylist_start(*args, **kwargs)        key = self.op_keylist_next()        while key:            yield key            key = self.op_keylist_next()        self.op_keylist_end()     def op_keylist_next(self):        """Returns the next key in the list created        by a call to op_keylist_start().  The object returned        is of type Key."""        ptr = gpgme.new_gpgme_key_t_p()        try:            errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_op_keylist_next(self.wrapped, ptr))            key = gpgme.gpgme_key_t_p_value(ptr)        except errors.GPGMEError as excp:            key = None            if excp.getcode() != errors.EOF:                raise excp        gpgme.delete_gpgme_key_t_p(ptr)        if key:            key.__del__ = lambda self: gpgme.gpgme_key_unref(self)            return key     def get_key(self, fpr, secret=False):        """Get a key given a fingerprint         Keyword arguments:        secret		-- to request a secret key         Returns:                        -- the matching key         Raises:        KeyError	-- if the key was not found        GPGMEError	-- as signaled by the underlying library         """        ptr = gpgme.new_gpgme_key_t_p()         try:            errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_get_key(self.wrapped, fpr, ptr, secret))        except errors.GPGMEError as e:            if e.getcode() == errors.EOF:                raise errors.KeyNotFound(fpr)            raise e         key = gpgme.gpgme_key_t_p_value(ptr)        gpgme.delete_gpgme_key_t_p(ptr)        assert key        key.__del__ = lambda self: gpgme.gpgme_key_unref(self)        return key     def op_trustlist_all(self, *args, **kwargs):        self.op_trustlist_start(*args, **kwargs)        trust = self.op_trustlist_next()        while trust:            yield trust            trust = self.op_trustlist_next()        self.op_trustlist_end()     def op_trustlist_next(self):        """Returns the next trust item in the list created        by a call to op_trustlist_start().  The object returned        is of type TrustItem."""        ptr = gpgme.new_gpgme_trust_item_t_p()        try:            errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_op_trustlist_next(self.wrapped, ptr))            trust = gpgme.gpgme_trust_item_t_p_value(ptr)        except errors.GPGMEError as excp:            trust = None            if excp.getcode() != errors.EOF:                raise        gpgme.delete_gpgme_trust_item_t_p(ptr)        return trust     def set_passphrase_cb(self, func, hook=None):        """Sets the passphrase callback to the function specified by func.         When the system needs a passphrase, it will call func with three args:        hint, a string describing the key it needs the passphrase for;        desc, a string describing the passphrase it needs;        prev_bad, a boolean equal True if this is a call made after        unsuccessful previous attempt.         If hook has a value other than None it will be passed into the func        as a forth argument.         Please see the GPGME manual for more information.        """        if func is None:            hookdata = None        else:            if hook is None:                hookdata = (weakref.ref(self), func)            else:                hookdata = (weakref.ref(self), func, hook)        gpgme.gpg_set_passphrase_cb(self, hookdata)     def _free_passcb(self):        if gpgme.gpg_set_passphrase_cb:            self.set_passphrase_cb(None)     def set_progress_cb(self, func, hook=None):        """Sets the progress meter callback to the function specified by FUNC.        If FUNC is None, the callback will be cleared.         This function will be called to provide an interactive update        of the system's progress.  The function will be called with        three arguments, type, total, and current.  If HOOK is not        None, it will be supplied as fourth argument.         Please see the GPGME manual for more information.         """        if func is None:            hookdata = None        else:            if hook is None:                hookdata = (weakref.ref(self), func)            else:                hookdata = (weakref.ref(self), func, hook)        gpgme.gpg_set_progress_cb(self, hookdata)     def _free_progresscb(self):        if gpgme.gpg_set_progress_cb:            self.set_progress_cb(None)     def set_status_cb(self, func, hook=None):        """Sets the status callback to the function specified by FUNC.  If        FUNC is None, the callback will be cleared.         The function will be called with two arguments, keyword and        args.  If HOOK is not None, it will be supplied as third        argument.         Please see the GPGME manual for more information.         """        if func is None:            hookdata = None        else:            if hook is None:                hookdata = (weakref.ref(self), func)            else:                hookdata = (weakref.ref(self), func, hook)        gpgme.gpg_set_status_cb(self, hookdata)     def _free_statuscb(self):        if gpgme.gpg_set_status_cb:            self.set_status_cb(None)     @property    def engine_info(self):        """Configuration of the engine currently in use"""        p = self.protocol        infos = [i for i in self.get_engine_info() if i.protocol == p]        assert len(infos) == 1        return infos[0]     def get_engine_info(self):        """Get engine configuration         Returns information about all configured and installed        engines.         Returns:        infos		-- a list of engine infos         """        return gpgme.gpgme_ctx_get_engine_info(self.wrapped)     def set_engine_info(self, proto, file_name=None, home_dir=None):        """Change engine configuration         Changes the configuration of the crypto engine implementing        the protocol 'proto' for the context.         Keyword arguments:        file_name	-- engine program file name (unchanged if None)        home_dir	-- configuration directory (unchanged if None)         """        self.ctx_set_engine_info(proto, file_name, home_dir)     def wait(self, hang):        """Wait for asynchronous call to finish. Wait forever if hang is True.        Raises an exception on errors.         Please read the GPGME manual for more information.         """        ptr = gpgme.new_gpgme_error_t_p()        gpgme.gpgme_wait(self.wrapped, ptr, hang)        status = gpgme.gpgme_error_t_p_value(ptr)        gpgme.delete_gpgme_error_t_p(ptr)        errorcheck(status)     def op_edit(self, key, func, fnc_value, out):        """Start key editing using supplied callback function         Note: This interface is deprecated and will be removed with        GPGME 1.8.  Please use .interact instead.  Furthermore, we        implement this using gpgme_op_interact, so callbacks will get        called with string keywords instead of numeric status        messages.  Code that is using constants.STATUS_X or        constants.status.X will continue to work, whereas code using        magic numbers will break as a result.         """        warnings.warn(            "Call to deprecated method op_edit.", category=DeprecationWarning)        return self.interact(key, func, sink=out, fnc_value=fnc_value)  class Data(GpgmeWrapper):    """Data buffer     A lot of data has to be exchanged between the user and the crypto    engine, like plaintext messages, ciphertext, signatures and    information about the keys.  The technical details about    exchanging the data information are completely abstracted by    GPGME.  The user provides and receives the data via `gpgme_data_t'    objects, regardless of the communication protocol between GPGME    and the crypto engine in use.     This Data class is the implementation of the GpgmeData objects.     Please see the information about __init__ for instantiation.     """     _ctype = 'gpgme_data_t'    _cprefix = 'gpgme_data_'     def _errorcheck(self, name):        """This function should list all functions returning gpgme_error_t"""        # This list is compiled using        #        # $ grep -v '^gpgme_error_t ' obj/lang/python/python3.5-gpg/gpgme.h \        #   | awk "/\(gpgme_data_t/ { printf (\"'%s',\\n\", \$2) } " \        #   | sed "s/'\\*/'/"        return name not in {            'gpgme_data_read',            'gpgme_data_write',            'gpgme_data_seek',            'gpgme_data_release',            'gpgme_data_release_and_get_mem',            'gpgme_data_get_encoding',            'gpgme_data_get_file_name',            'gpgme_data_set_flag',            'gpgme_data_identify',        }     def __init__(self,                 string=None,                 file=None,                 offset=None,                 length=None,                 cbs=None,                 copy=True):        """Initialize a new gpgme_data_t object.         If no args are specified, make it an empty object.         If string alone is specified, initialize it with the data        contained there.         If file, offset, and length are all specified, file must        be either a filename or a file-like object, and the object        will be initialized by reading the specified chunk from the file.         If cbs is specified, it MUST be a tuple of the form:         (read_cb, write_cb, seek_cb, release_cb[, hook])         where the first four items are functions implementing reading,        writing, seeking the data, and releasing any resources once        the data object is deallocated.  The functions must match the        following prototypes:             def read(amount, hook=None):                return <a b"bytes" object>             def write(data, hook=None):                return <the number of bytes written>             def seek(offset, whence, hook=None):                return <the new file position>             def release(hook=None):                <return value and exceptions are ignored>         The functions may be bound methods.  In that case, you can        simply use the 'self' reference instead of using a hook.         If file is specified without any other arguments, then        it must be a filename, and the object will be initialized from        that file.         """        super(Data, self).__init__(None)        self.data_cbs = None         if cbs is not None:            self.new_from_cbs(*cbs)        elif string is not None:            self.new_from_mem(string, copy)        elif file is not None and offset is not None and length is not None:            self.new_from_filepart(file, offset, length)        elif file is not None:            if util.is_a_string(file):                self.new_from_file(file, copy)            else:                self.new_from_fd(file)        else:            self.new()     def __del__(self):        if not gpgme:            # At interpreter shutdown, gpgme is set to NONE.            return         if self.wrapped is not None and gpgme.gpgme_data_release:            gpgme.gpgme_data_release(self.wrapped)            if self._callback_excinfo:                gpgme.gpg_raise_callback_exception(self)            self.wrapped = None        self._free_datacbs()     # Implement the context manager protocol.    def __enter__(self):        return self     def __exit__(self, type, value, tb):        return False     def _free_datacbs(self):        self._data_cbs = None     def new(self):        tmp = gpgme.new_gpgme_data_t_p()        errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_data_new(tmp))        self.wrapped = gpgme.gpgme_data_t_p_value(tmp)        gpgme.delete_gpgme_data_t_p(tmp)     def new_from_mem(self, string, copy=True):        tmp = gpgme.new_gpgme_data_t_p()        errorcheck(            gpgme.gpgme_data_new_from_mem(tmp, string, len(string), copy))        self.wrapped = gpgme.gpgme_data_t_p_value(tmp)        gpgme.delete_gpgme_data_t_p(tmp)     def new_from_file(self, filename, copy=True):        tmp = gpgme.new_gpgme_data_t_p()        try:            errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_data_new_from_file(tmp, filename, copy))        except errors.GPGMEError as e:            if e.getcode() == errors.INV_VALUE and not copy:                raise ValueError("delayed reads are not yet supported")            else:                raise e        self.wrapped = gpgme.gpgme_data_t_p_value(tmp)        gpgme.delete_gpgme_data_t_p(tmp)     def new_from_cbs(self, read_cb, write_cb, seek_cb, release_cb, hook=None):        tmp = gpgme.new_gpgme_data_t_p()        if hook is not None:            hookdata = (weakref.ref(self), read_cb, write_cb, seek_cb,                        release_cb, hook)        else:            hookdata = (weakref.ref(self), read_cb, write_cb, seek_cb,                        release_cb)        gpgme.gpg_data_new_from_cbs(self, hookdata, tmp)        self.wrapped = gpgme.gpgme_data_t_p_value(tmp)        gpgme.delete_gpgme_data_t_p(tmp)     def new_from_filepart(self, file, offset, length):        """This wraps the GPGME gpgme_data_new_from_filepart() function.        The argument "file" may be:         * a string specifying a file name, or        * a file-like object supporting the fileno() and the mode attribute.         """         tmp = gpgme.new_gpgme_data_t_p()        filename = None        fp = None         if util.is_a_string(file):            filename = file        else:            fp = gpgme.fdopen(file.fileno(), file.mode)            if fp is None:                raise ValueError("Failed to open file from %s arg %s" % (str(                    type(file)), str(file)))         errorcheck(            gpgme.gpgme_data_new_from_filepart(tmp, filename, fp, offset,                                               length))        self.wrapped = gpgme.gpgme_data_t_p_value(tmp)        gpgme.delete_gpgme_data_t_p(tmp)     def new_from_fd(self, file):        """This wraps the GPGME gpgme_data_new_from_fd() function.  The        argument "file" must be a file-like object, supporting the        fileno() method.         """        tmp = gpgme.new_gpgme_data_t_p()        errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_data_new_from_fd(tmp, file.fileno()))        self.wrapped = gpgme.gpgme_data_t_p_value(tmp)        gpgme.delete_gpgme_data_t_p(tmp)     def new_from_stream(self, file):        """This wrap around gpgme_data_new_from_stream is an alias for        new_from_fd() method since in python there's no difference        between file stream and file descriptor."""        self.new_from_fd(file)     def new_from_estream(self, file):        """This wrap around gpgme_data_new_from_estream is an alias for        new_from_fd() method since in python there's no difference        between file stream and file descriptor, but using fd broke."""        self.new_from_stream(file)     def write(self, buffer):        """Write buffer given as string or bytes.         If a string is given, it is implicitly encoded using UTF-8."""        written = gpgme.gpgme_data_write(self.wrapped, buffer)        if written < 0:            if self._callback_excinfo:                gpgme.gpg_raise_callback_exception(self)            else:                raise GPGMEError.fromSyserror()        return written     def read(self, size=-1):        """Read at most size bytes, returned as bytes.         If the size argument is negative or omitted, read until EOF is reached.         Returns the data read, or the empty string if there was no data        to read before EOF was reached."""         if size == 0:            return ''         if size > 0:            try:                result = gpgme.gpgme_data_read(self.wrapped, size)            except:                if self._callback_excinfo:                    gpgme.gpg_raise_callback_exception(self)                else:                    raise            return result        else:            chunks = []            while True:                try:                    result = gpgme.gpgme_data_read(self.wrapped, 4096)                except:                    if self._callback_excinfo:                        gpgme.gpg_raise_callback_exception(self)                    else:                        raise                if len(result) == 0:                    break                chunks.append(result)            return b''.join(chunks)  def pubkey_algo_string(subkey):    """Return short algorithm string     Return a public key algorithm string (e.g. "rsa2048") for a given    SUBKEY.     Returns:    algo      - a string     """    return gpgme.gpgme_pubkey_algo_string(subkey)  def pubkey_algo_name(algo):    """Return name of public key algorithm     Return the name of the public key algorithm for a given numeric    algorithm id ALGO (cf. RFC4880).     Returns:    algo      - a string     """    return gpgme.gpgme_pubkey_algo_name(algo)  def hash_algo_name(algo):    """Return name of hash algorithm     Return the name of the hash algorithm for a given numeric    algorithm id ALGO (cf. RFC4880).     Returns:    algo      - a string     """    return gpgme.gpgme_hash_algo_name(algo)  def get_protocol_name(proto):    """Get protocol description     Get the string describing protocol PROTO.     Returns:    proto     - a string     """    return gpgme.gpgme_get_protocol_name(proto)  def addrspec_from_uid(uid):    """Return the address spec     Return the addr-spec (cf. RFC2822 section 4.3) from a user id UID.     Returns:    addr_spec - a string     """    return gpgme.gpgme_addrspec_from_uid(uid)  def check_version(version=None):    return gpgme.gpgme_check_version(version)  # check_version also makes sure that several subsystems are properly# initialized, and it must be run at least once before invoking any# other function.  We do it here so that the user does not have to do# it unless she really wants to check for a certain version.check_version()  def engine_check_version(proto):    try:        errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_engine_check_version(proto))        return True    except errors.GPGMEError:        return False  def get_engine_info():    ptr = gpgme.new_gpgme_engine_info_t_p()    try:        errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_get_engine_info(ptr))        info = gpgme.gpgme_engine_info_t_p_value(ptr)    except errors.GPGMEError:        info = None    gpgme.delete_gpgme_engine_info_t_p(ptr)    return info  def set_engine_info(proto, file_name, home_dir=None):    """Changes the default configuration of the crypto engine implementing    the protocol 'proto'. 'file_name' is the file name of    the executable program implementing this protocol. 'home_dir' is the    directory name of the configuration directory (engine's default is    used if omitted)."""    errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_set_engine_info(proto, file_name, home_dir))  def set_locale(category, value):    """Sets the default locale used by contexts"""    errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_set_locale(None, category, value))  def wait(hang):    """Wait for asynchronous call on any Context  to finish.    Wait forever if hang is True.     For finished anynch calls it returns a tuple (status, context):        status  - status return by asnynchronous call.        context - context which caused this call to return.     Please read the GPGME manual of more information."""    ptr = gpgme.new_gpgme_error_t_p()    context = gpgme.gpgme_wait(None, ptr, hang)    status = gpgme.gpgme_error_t_p_value(ptr)    gpgme.delete_gpgme_error_t_p(ptr)    if context is None:        errorcheck(status)    else:        context = Context(context)    return (status, context)